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Hepatectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove a portion or, in selected cases, nearly all of the liver. It is commonly recommended for patients with liver cancer, metastatic liver tumors, certain benign liver growths, or other serious liver conditions.
The main goal of hepatectomy is to remove diseased or cancerous liver tissue while preserving enough healthy liver tissue to maintain normal liver function. The liver has a unique ability to regenerate, which means the remaining healthy portion can grow and recover after surgery.
Before surgery, doctors perform several diagnostic tests, including ultrasound, CT scans, MRI, liver function tests, blood tests, and sometimes liver biopsy. These examinations help determine the size, location, and extent of the affected area and assess whether the patient has enough healthy liver tissue to undergo surgery safely.
During the procedure, the patient is given general anesthesia. The surgeon carefully removes the affected portion of the liver while controlling blood vessels and bile ducts. Depending on the patient's condition, the surgery may involve removing a small section, one or more liver segments, or a larger portion of the liver.
Hepatectomy can be performed through traditional open surgery, laparoscopic surgery, or robotic-assisted techniques, depending on the tumor's location, size, and the patient's overall health.
Partial Hepatectomy: Removes a specific portion of the liver.
Right Hepatectomy: Removes the right lobe of the liver.
Left Hepatectomy: Removes the left lobe of the liver.
Extended Hepatectomy: Removes a larger portion of the liver, including additional segments.
Segmentectomy: Removes one or more specific liver segments.
Lobectomy: Removes an entire liver lobe.
Removes cancerous or abnormal liver tissue.
Helps treat selected cases of primary liver cancer.
Can remove cancer that has spread to the liver from other organs.
Helps manage certain benign liver tumors.
Preserves healthy liver tissue whenever possible.
Allows pathological examination of the removed tissue.
May improve long-term outcomes in suitable patients.
Recovery after hepatectomy depends on the amount of liver removed, the surgical technique, and the patient's overall health. Patients usually remain in the hospital for several days for monitoring and medical care.
After surgery, doctors regularly monitor liver function, blood counts, and overall recovery. Patients may experience temporary pain, tiredness, reduced appetite, or digestive discomfort. A healthy diet, proper hydration, prescribed medication, and gradual physical activity support recovery.
The remaining healthy liver tissue gradually regenerates over time. Regular follow-up appointments and liver function tests are important to monitor healing and detect possible complications.
Depending on the underlying condition and pathology results, patients may require additional treatments such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or other liver-directed treatments. The treatment plan is personalized according to the patient's diagnosis and overall health.
Hepatectomy is an important surgical treatment for selected liver diseases, particularly liver cancer and metastatic liver tumors. Early diagnosis, careful surgical planning, proper post-operative care, and regular medical follow-up play an important role in achieving better treatment outcomes.
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